• Thicker insulation: To handle high voltage and prevent electric shock or short circuits.
• Higher voltage ratings: Typically rated for higher voltage levels.

• Shielding: May include shielding to reduce interference from external electrical noise.
• Low voltage: Designed for low voltage applications in control circuits and instrumentation.

Thermometers:

• Operation: Measure temperature through the expansion or contraction of a liquid (e.g., mercury) or metal.
• Ease of use: Generally simpler to use and read.
• Typical applications: Used for everyday temperature measurements, such as in household thermometers, weather instruments, and basic industrial settings.
• Temperature range: Limited to a narrower temperature range compared to thermocouples.

Thermocouples:

• Operation: Measure temperature based on the voltage difference generated between two different metals when they are exposed to heat.
• Wide temperature range: Thermocouples can measure very high and low temperatures, making them suitable for industrial applications.
• Industrial use: Commonly used in high-temperature environments, such as furnaces, engines, and industrial processes.
• Accuracy: Generally more accurate in extreme temperature ranges compared to traditional thermometers.

Comparison:

• Thermometers are easier to use for everyday tasks, while thermocouples are more suitable for industrial and extreme temperature measurement applications due to their wide temperature range and accuracy.